Україна в світі: 11-й клас.

Тема:

Україна в світі: 11-й клас. / Ukraine in the world : 11th Form

Мовний інвентар: Language inventory

Лексичний діапазон:

nternational organizations: міжнародні організації (ЄС, ООН, Рада Європи)
Legislative acts: законодавчі акти
Law: право
Etiquette norms: норми етикету
Charitable activities: благодійна діяльність

General characteristics of situational communication: Загальні характеристики ситуативного спілкування

Describing life events, problems, personal achievements, etc.: описувати життєві події, проблеми, власні досягнення тощо
Expressing emotional attitudes toward a situation or subject of discussion: висловлювати емоційне ставлення до ситуації або предмета обговорення
Comparing (customs, traditions, lifestyles, etc.): порівнювати (звичаї, традиції, стилі життя тощо)
Discussing prospects, giving advice, responding to others' advice: обговорювати перспективи, давати поради, реагувати на поради інших
Expressing and justifying your own point of view: висловлювати й аргументувати власну точку зору
Engaging in discussion by attracting the interlocutor's attention: вступати в дискусію, привертаючи увагу співрозмовника
Sustaining the discussion by expanding its content, clarifying, correcting interlocutors' statements, or changing the topic: підтримувати дискусію, розгортаючи її зміст, уточнюючи, вносячи корективи у висловлення співрозмовників або змінюючи тему розмови
Expressing wishes: висловлювати побажання
Demonstrating interest in the subject of conversation: демонструвати зацiкавленість у предметі розмови
Summarizing the discussion: підводити підсумки обговорення
Ending the conversation: завершувати розмову

Змістовні лінії: Thematic lines

Громадянська відповідальність / Civic responsibility

Усвідомлення ролі України у міжнародних організаціях / Awareness of Ukraine's role in international organizations
Висловлення власної громадянської позиції щодо соціальних викликів / Expression of one's own civic stance on social challenges

Підприємливість та фінансова грамотність / Entrepreneurship and financial literacy

Демонстрація розуміння важливості благодійної діяльності / Demonstration of understanding the importance of charitable activities

Україна в світі: 11-й клас.

Bank of Phrases for this lesson.

Part 1: Робота і професії в Україні

Part 2: Шкільне життя в Україні

Part 3: Подорож. Мистецтво в Україні.

Part 4: Україна в світі

Part 5: Наука і технічний прогрес в Україні

Part 6: Природа і погода в Україні

Part 7: Спорт і Дозвілля в Україні

Part 8: Мистецтво в Україні.

Part 9: Україна та Країни Виучуваної Мови

Part 10: Наука і Технічний Прогрес в Україні

Part 11: Шкільне життя в Україні

Understanding Key Aspects of Ukraine's Legal and Social Framework

1. International Orgnizations

2. Legislative Acts

3. Law

4. Etiquette Norms

5. Charitable Activities

Bank of Phrases for this lesson.

1 Describing Life Events, Problems, Personal Achievements, etc.: описувати життєві події, проблеми, власні досягнення тощо

1. "One of the most memorable experiences I had was..."
Phonetic: /wʌn əv ðə məʊst ˈmɛmərəbl ɪkˈspɪəriənsɪz aɪ hæd wəz/
Ukrainian: "Один з найзапам'ятніших моментів, які я мав, був..."

2. "I faced several challenges when..."
Phonetic: /aɪ feɪst ˈsɛvrəl ˈʧælɪndʒɪz wɛn/
Ukrainian: "Я зіштовхнувся з кількома проблемами, коли..."

3. "My greatest achievement has been..."
Phonetic: /maɪ ˈɡreɪtɪst əˈʧiːvmənt hæz bɪn/
Ukrainian: "Моє найбільше досягнення було..."

4. "I remember the time when I..."
Phonetic: /aɪ rɪˈmɛmbə ðə taɪm wɛn aɪ/
Ukrainian: "Я пам'ятаю час, коли я..."

5. "A significant event in my life was..."
Phonetic: /ə sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt ɪˈvɛnt ɪn maɪ laɪf wəz/
Ukrainian: "Значною подією в моєму житті була..."

2 Expressing Emotional Attitudes Toward a Situation or Subject of Discussion: висловлювати емоційне ставлення до ситуації або предмета обговорення

1. "I’m really excited about..."
Phonetic: /aɪm ˈrɪəli ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt/
Ukrainian: "Я справді збуджений з приводу..."

2. "I find this quite frustrating because..."
Phonetic: /aɪ faɪnd ðɪs kwaɪt ˈfrʌstreɪtɪŋ bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Я вважаю це досить розчаровуючим, тому що..."

3. "This topic really interests me because..."
Phonetic: /ðɪs ˈtɒpɪk ˈrɪəli ˈɪntrɪsts mi bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Ця тема мене справді цікавить, тому що..."

4. "I feel a bit uncertain about..."
Phonetic: /aɪ fiːl ə bɪt ʌnˈsɜːtn əˈbaʊt/
Ukrainian: "Я відчуваю невпевненість щодо..."

5. "I’m quite pleased with how..."
Phonetic: /aɪm kwaɪt pliːzd wɪð haʊ/
Ukrainian: "Я дуже задоволений тим, як..."

3 Comparing (Customs, Traditions, Lifestyles, etc.): порівнювати (звичаї, традиції, стилі життя тощо)

1. "In contrast to [place], [place] has a different approach to..."
Phonetic: /ɪn ˈkɒntræst tuː [pleɪs], [pleɪs] hæz ə ˈdɪfərənt əˈprəʊʧ tuː/
Ukrainian: "На відміну від [місце], [місце] має інший підхід до..."

2. "While [place] tends to [custom], [place] usually [custom]."
Phonetic: /waɪl [pleɪs] tɛndz tuː [ˈkʌstəm], [pleɪs] ˈjuːzʊəli [ˈkʌstəm]/
Ukrainian: "Тоді як [місце] схильне до [звичай], [місце] зазвичай [звичай]."

3. "One noticeable difference between [place] and [place] is..."
Phonetic: /wʌn ˈnəʊtɪsəbl ˈdɪfərəns bɪˈtwiːn [pleɪs] ənd [pleɪs] ɪz/
Ukrainian: "Одна помітна різниця між [місце] і [місце] - це..."

4. "Both [place] and [place] share similarities in..."
Phonetic: /bəʊθ [pleɪs] ənd [pleɪs] ʃeə ˌsɪmɪˈlærɪtiz ɪn/
Ukrainian: "Як [місце], так і [місце] мають схожість у..."

5. "Compared to [place], [place] offers a more [adjective] experience."
Phonetic: /kəmˈpeəd tuː [pleɪs], [pleɪs] ˈɒfəz ə mɔːr [ˈædʒɪktɪv] ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
Ukrainian: "Порівняно з [місце], [місце] пропонує більш [прикметник] досвід."

4 Discussing Prospects, Giving Advice, Responding to Others' Advice: обговорювати перспективи, давати поради, реагувати на поради інших

1. "I think the best approach would be to..."
Phonetic: /aɪ θɪŋk ðə bɛst əˈprəʊʧ wʊd biː tuː/
Ukrainian: "Я думаю, що найкращий підхід буде..."

2. "Considering the current situation, it might be wise to..."
Phonetic: /kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðə ˈkʌrənt ˌsɪtʃʊˈeɪʃən, ɪt maɪt bi waɪz tuː/
Ukrainian: "Враховуючи поточну ситуацію, можливо, розумно буде..."

3. "Based on what you’ve said, I would suggest that you..."

Phonetic: /beɪst ɒn wɒt jʊv səd, aɪ wʊd səˈdʒɛst ðæt jʊ/

Ukrainian: "З огляду на те, що ти сказав, я б порадив тобі..."

4. "If I were in your shoes, I would probably..."
Phonetic: /ɪf aɪ wɜːr ɪn jɔː ʃuːz, aɪ wʊd ˈprɒbəbli/
Ukrainian: "Якби я був на твоєму місці, я б, напевно,..."

5. "It’s important to consider that..."
Phonetic: /ɪts ɪmˈpɔːtnt tuː kənˈsɪdər ðæt/
Ukrainian: "Важливо врахувати, що..."

5 Expressing and Justifying Your Own Point of View: висловлювати й аргументувати власну точку зору

1. "I believe that [statement] because..."
Phonetic: /aɪ bɪˈliːv ðæt [ˈsteɪtmənt] bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Я вважаю, що [заява], тому що..."

2. "My perspective is that [statement], as I see it because..."
Phonetic: /maɪ pəˈspɛktɪv ɪz ðæt [ˈsteɪtmənt], æz aɪ siː ɪt bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Моя точка зору полягає в тому, що [заява], на мою думку, тому що..."

3. "I am convinced that [statement] due to..."
Phonetic: /aɪ æm kənˈvɪnst ðæt [ˈsteɪtmənt] djuː tuː/
Ukrainian: "Я переконаний, що [заява] через..."

4. "From my point of view, [statement] because..."
Phonetic: /frəm maɪ pɔɪnt əv vjuː, [ˈsteɪtmənt] bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "З мого погляду, [заява], тому що..."

5. "In my opinion, [statement] since..."
Phonetic: /ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən, [ˈsteɪtmənt] sɪns/
Ukrainian: "На мою думку, [заява], оскільки..."

6 Engaging in Discussion by Attracting the Interlocutor's Attention: вступати в дискусію, привертаючи увагу співрозмовника

1. "I'd like to hear your thoughts on this issue."
Phonetic: /aɪd laɪk tuː hɪər jɔː θɔːts ɒn ðɪs ˈɪʃuː/
Ukrainian: "Я б хотів почути твою думку з цього питання."

2. "What do you think about [topic]?"
Phonetic: /wɒt dʊ jʊ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt [ˈtɒpɪk]/
Ukrainian: "Що ти думаєш про [тему]?"

3. "How do you feel regarding [subject]?"
Phonetic: /haʊ dʊ jʊ fiːl rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt]/
Ukrainian: "Як ти почуваєшся щодо [предмета]?"

4. "Can you share your perspective on [issue]?"
Phonetic: /kæn jʊ ʃeə jɔː pəˈspɛktɪv ɒn [ˈɪʃuː]/
Ukrainian: "Чи можеш поділитися своєю точкою зору з [питання]?"

5. "I'd be interested to know your opinion on [topic]."
Phonetic: /aɪd bi ˈɪntrəstɪd tuː nəʊ jɔː əˈpɪnjən ɒn [ˈtɒpɪk]/
Ukrainian: "Мене б зацікавила твоя думка про [тему]."

7 Sustaining the Discussion by Expanding Its Content, Clarifying, Correcting Interlocutors' Statements, or Changing the Topic: підтримувати дискусію, розгортаючи її зміст, уточнюючи, вносячи корективи у висловлення співрозмовників або змінюючи тему розмови

1. "Could you elaborate on that point?"
Phonetic: /kʊd jʊ ɪˈlæbəreɪt ɒn ðæt pɔɪnt/
Ukrainian: "Чи можеш розширити цю точку зору?"

2. "Let me clarify what I meant by..."
Phonetic: /lɛt mi ˈklærɪfaɪ wɒt aɪ mɛnt baɪ/
Ukrainian: "Дозволь мені уточнити, що я мав на увазі під..."

3. "I’d like to correct a point you made earlier."
Phonetic: /aɪd laɪk tuː kəˈrɛkt ə pɔɪnt jʊ meɪd ˈɜːrlɪər/
Ukrainian: "Я б хотів виправити пункт, який ти згадував раніше."

4. "On a different note, have you considered...?"
Phonetic: /ɒn ə ˈdɪfrənt nəʊt, hæv jʊ kənˈsɪdəd/
Ukrainian: "На іншу тему, чи розглядав ти...?"

5. "To shift gears, let’s talk about..."
Phonetic: /tuː ʃɪft ɡɪəz, lɛts tɔːk əˈbaʊt/
Ukrainian: "Щоб змінити тему, давайте поговоримо про..."

8 Expressing Wishes: висловлювати побажання

1. "I hope that we can..."
Phonetic: /aɪ həʊp ðæt wi kæn/
Ukrainian: "Я сподіваюся, що ми можемо..."

2. "I wish for [outcome] to happen."
Phonetic: /aɪ wɪʃ fə [ˈaʊtkʌm] tuː ˈhæpən/
Ukrainian: "Я бажаю, щоб [результат] стався."

3. "It would be great if we could..."
Phonetic: /ɪt wʊd bi ɡreɪt ɪf wi kʊd/
Ukrainian: "Було б чудово, якби ми могли..."

4. "I would like to see [outcome] achieved."
Phonetic: /aɪ wʊd laɪk tuː siː [ˈaʊtkʌm] əˈtʃiːvd/
Ukrainian: "Я хотів би бачити досягнення [результат]."

5. "My hope is that [wish]."
Phonetic: /maɪ həʊp ɪz ðæt [wɪʃ]/
Ukrainian: "Моє сподівання полягає в тому, що [бажання]."

9 Demonstrating Interest in the Subject of Conversation: демонструвати зацікавленість у предметі розмови

1. "That’s really intriguing; could you tell me more?"
Phonetic: /ðæts ˈrɪəli ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ; kʊd jʊ tɛl mi mɔːr/
Ukrainian: "Це справді цікаво; можеш розповісти більше?"

2. "I’m fascinated by this topic; how did you get involved?"
Phonetic: /aɪm ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd baɪ ðɪs ˈtɒpɪk; haʊ dɪd jʊ ɡɛt ɪnˈvɒlvd/
Ukrainian: "Мене захоплює ця тема; як ти до цього долучився?"

3. "That sounds very interesting; what can you tell me about it?"
Phonetic: /ðæt saʊnds ˈvɛri ˈɪntrəstɪŋ; wɒt kæn jʊ tɛl mi əˈbaʊt ɪt/
Ukrainian: "Це звучить дуже цікаво; що ти можеш мені про це розповісти?"

4. "I’m eager to learn more about [subject]; what’s your take?"
Phonetic: /aɪm ˈiːɡər tuː lɜːrn mɔːr əˈbaʊt [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt]; wɒts jɔː teɪk/
Ukrainian: "Я дуже хочу дізнатися більше про [тему]; яка твоя думка?"

5. "Can you expand on what you just said? It’s quite intriguing."
Phonetic: /kæn jʊ ɪkˈspænd ɒn wɒt jʊ dʒʌst səd? ɪts kwaɪt ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ/
Ukrainian: "Чи можеш розширити те, що ти щойно сказав? Це досить цікаво."

10 Summarizing the Discussion: підводити підсумки обговорення

1. "To summarize, we’ve discussed [main points]."
Phonetic: /tuː ˈsʌməraɪz, wiːv dɪsˈkʌst [meɪn pɔɪnts]/
Ukrainian: "Підсумовуючи, ми обговорили [основні пункти]."

2. "In conclusion, we can say that [summary]."
Phonetic: /ɪn kənˈkluːʒən, wi kæn seɪ ðæt [ˈsʌməri]/
Ukrainian: "У висновку можна сказати, що [підсумок]."

3. "To wrap up, we’ve covered [key aspects]."
Phonetic: /tuː ræp ʌp, wiːv ˈkʌvəd [kiː ˈæspekts]/
Ukrainian: "Підсумовуючи, ми охопили [ключові аспекти]."

4. "So, to put it briefly, [summary]."
Phonetic: /səʊ, tuː pʊt ɪt ˈbrɪfli, [ˈsʌməri]/
Ukrainian: "Отже, щоб коротко підсумувати, [підсумок]."

5. "In summary, [summary]."
Phonetic: /ɪn ˈsʌməri, [ˈsʌməri]/
Ukrainian: "Підсумовуючи, [підсумок]."

11 Ending the Conversation: завершувати розмову

1. "It was great talking with you; I hope we can continue this discussion soon."
Phonetic: /ɪt wəz ɡreɪt ˈtɔːkɪŋ wɪð jʊ; aɪ həʊp wi kæn kənˈtɪnjuː ðɪs dɪsˈkʌʃən suːn/
Ukrainian: "Було приємно поговорити з тобою; сподіваюся, що ми скоро продовжимо цю дискусію."

2. "Thank you for the conversation; let’s catch up again soon."
Phonetic: /θæŋk jʊ fə ðə ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən; lɛts kæʧ ʌp əˈɡɛn suːn/
Ukrainian: "Дякую за розмову; давай знову зустрінемося скоро."

3. "I’ve enjoyed our chat; let’s talk again sometime."
Phonetic: /aɪv ɪnˈdʒɔɪd aʊər ʧæt; lɛts tɔːk əˈɡɛn ˈsʌmtaɪm/
Ukrainian: "Мені сподобалась наша бесіда; поговоримо знову колись."

4. "It’s been a pleasure talking to you; I look forward to our next conversation."
Phonetic: /ɪts bɪn ə ˈplɛʒər ˈtɔːkɪŋ tuː jʊ; aɪ lʊk ˈfɔːrwəd tuː aʊər nɛkst ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən/
Ukrainian: "Було приємно поговорити з тобою; я з нетерпінням чекаю нашої наступної розмови."

5. "I think we’ve covered everything for now; talk to you later."
Phonetic: /aɪ θɪŋk wiːv ˈkʌvəd ˈɛvrɪθɪŋ fə naʊ; tɔːk tuː jʊ ˈleɪtə/
Ukrainian: "Я думаю, ми охопили все на даний момент; поговоримо пізніше."

Instructions:

Single Click: Flip the flashcard to reveal the back side.
Double Click: Move to the next flashcard in the series.

1 Describing Life Events, Problems, Personal Achievements, etc.: описання життєвих події, проблем, власних досягненнь тощо

Part 1: Робота і професії в Україні

2. "I faced several challenges when..."
Phonetic: /aɪ feɪst ˈsɛvrəl ˈʧælɪndʒɪz wɛn/
Ukrainian: "Я зіштовхнувся з кількома проблемами, коли..."

3. "My greatest achievement has been..."
Phonetic: /maɪ ˈɡreɪtɪst əˈʧiːvmənt hæz bɪn/
Ukrainian: "Моє найбільше досягнення було..."

4. "I remember the time when I..."
Phonetic: /aɪ rɪˈmɛmbə ðə taɪm wɛn aɪ/
Ukrainian: "Я пам'ятаю час, коли я..."

5. "A significant event in my life was..."
Phonetic: /ə sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt ɪˈvɛnt ɪn maɪ laɪf wəz/
Ukrainian: "Значною подією в моєму житті була..."

III-1-1_8.wav

Mini-dialog 1: Navigating Work Culture: A Comparison of the UK and Ukraine

Student A: One of the most memorable experiences I had was reading Work and Identity in Ukraine by Michael Burawoy. It highlighted the complexities Ukrainian workers face as they transition from Soviet-era practices to modern work environments.

Student B: That sounds intriguing. I faced several challenges when trying to understand how these old practices impact the current workplace, especially compared to the more flexible and merit-based systems in the UK.

Student A: My greatest achievement has been learning how Ukrainian workers are navigating this transition. For example, I saw how a Ukrainian manufacturing firm, traditionally relying on strict hierarchies and personal connections for promotions, began adopting performance-based evaluations and more open team collaboration. It’s a difficult balance, but they are making progress.

Student B: I remember the time when I realized how deeply rooted some of these traditional values are, even as Ukrainian workplaces try to adopt more modern approaches.

Student A: A significant event in my life was understanding the complexities of this blending process. While the UK has long been part of a globalized economy with established flexible practices, Ukraine is still adjusting and finding ways to merge old and new work cultures.

Student B: It’s clear that both countries face unique challenges due to their historical contexts. The UK’s long history of global integration contrasts with Ukraine’s ongoing adjustments, creating a dynamic and evolving work environment.

Part 2: Шкільне життя в Україні

1. I’m really excited about...
Phonetic: /aɪm ˈrɪəli ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt/
Ukrainian: "Я справді збуджений з приводу...

2. I find this quite frustrating because...
Phonetic: /aɪ faɪnd ðɪs kwaɪt ˈfrʌstreɪtɪŋ bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Я вважаю це досить розчаровуючим, тому що...

3. This topic really interests me because...
Phonetic: /ðɪs ˈtɒpɪk ˈrɪəli ˈɪntrɪsts mi bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Ця тема мене справді цікавить, тому що...

4. I feel a bit uncertain about...
Phonetic: /aɪ fiːl ə bɪt ʌnˈsɜːtn əˈbaʊt/
Ukrainian: "Я відчуваю невпевненість щодо...

5. I’m quite pleased with how...
Phonetic: /aɪm kwaɪt pliːzd wɪð haʊ/
Ukrainian: "Я дуже задоволений тим, як...

Mini-dialog 2: Discussing Ukraine's Future

Irina: I’m really excited about the upcoming reforms in education. It’s something we’ve needed for a long time.
Taras: This topic really interests me because it’s essential for our country’s development. Educating the youth properly is key.
Irina: Absolutely. But I feel a bit uncertain about how these changes will be implemented. There are so many challenges ahead.
Taras: I understand. I find this quite frustrating because the bureaucracy often slows down progress.
Irina: True, but I’m quite pleased with how the younger generation is eager to learn and adapt. They give me hope for a brighter future.

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3 Comparing (Customs, Traditions, Lifestyles, etc.): порівнювати (звичаї, традиції, стилі життя тощо)

Part 3: Подорож. Мистецтво в Україні.

1. In contrast to [place], [place] has a different approach to...
Phonetic: /ɪn ˈkɒntræst tuː [pleɪs], [pleɪs] hæz ə ˈdɪfərənt əˈprəʊʧ tuː/
Ukrainian: "На відміну від [місце], [місце] має інший підхід до...

2. While [place] tends to [custom], [place] usually [custom].
Phonetic: /waɪl [pleɪs] tɛndz tuː [ˈkʌstəm], [pleɪs] ˈjuːzʊəli [ˈkʌstəm]/
Ukrainian: "Тоді як [місце] схильне до [звичай], [місце] зазвичай [звичай].

3. One noticeable difference between [place] and [place] is...
Phonetic: /wʌn ˈnəʊtɪsəbl ˈdɪfərəns bɪˈtwiːn [pleɪs] ənd [pleɪs] ɪz/
Ukrainian: "Одна помітна різниця між [місце] і [місце] - це...

4. Both [place] and [place] share similarities in...
Phonetic: /bəʊθ [pleɪs] ənd [pleɪs] ʃeə ˌsɪmɪˈlærɪtiz ɪn/
Ukrainian: "Як [місце], так і [місце] мають схожість у...

5. Compared to [place], [place] offers a more [adjective] experience.
Phonetic: /kəmˈpeəd tuː [pleɪs], [pleɪs] ˈɒfəz ə mɔːr [ˈædʒɪktɪv] ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
Ukrainian: "Порівняно з [місце], [місце] пропонує більш [прикметник] досвід.

Mini-dialog 3: Cultural Comparisons Between Kyiv and Lviv

Олександр: In contrast to Kyiv, Lviv has a different approach to preserving historical architecture. The city feels like a walk through history.
Марина: That’s true. While Kyiv tends to blend modern and ancient styles, Lviv usually maintains a more consistent historical feel throughout the city.
Олександр: One noticeable difference between Kyiv and Lviv is the pace of life. Kyiv is much more fast-paced, while Lviv feels more relaxed.

Марина: Yes, both cities share similarities in their cultural vibrancy, but they express it in unique ways.

Олександр: Compared to Kyiv, Lviv offers a more intimate and traditional experience, especially in the old town. It’s like stepping into another era.

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Part 4: Україна в світі

1. I think the best approach would be to...
Phonetic: /aɪ θɪŋk ðə bɛst əˈprəʊʧ wʊd biː tuː/
Ukrainian: "Я думаю, що найкращий підхід буде...

2. Considering the current situation, it might be wise to...
Phonetic: /kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðə ˈkʌrənt ˌsɪtʃʊˈeɪʃən, ɪt maɪt bi waɪz tuː/
Ukrainian: "Враховуючи поточну ситуацію, можливо, розумно буде...

3. Based on what you’ve said, I would suggest that you...

Phonetic: /beɪst ɒn wɒt jʊv səd, aɪ wʊd səˈdʒɛst ðæt jʊ/

Ukrainian: "З огляду на те, що ти сказав, я б порадив тобі...

4. If I were in your shoes, I would probably...
Phonetic: /ɪf aɪ wɜːr ɪn jɔː ʃuːz, aɪ wʊd ˈprɒbəbli/
Ukrainian: "Якби я був на твоєму місці, я б, напевно,...

5. It’s important to consider that...
Phonetic: /ɪts ɪmˈpɔːtnt tuː kənˈsɪdər ðæt/
Ukrainian: "Важливо врахувати, що...

4 Discussing Prospects, Giving Advice, Responding to Others' Advice: обговорювати перспективи, давати поради, реагувати на поради інших

Mini-dialog 4: Raising Online Awareness about Ukraine

Alex: Hi, Maria. Have you been following the news about Ukraine?

Maria: Yes, I have. It’s quite concerning. I think the best approach would be to support Ukraine in any way we can.

Alex: I agree. Considering the current situation, it might be wise to provide humanitarian aid and support.

Maria: Based on what you’ve said, I would suggest that you also spread awareness about the situation online.

Alex: If I were in your shoes, I would probably share reliable information on social media and encourage others to do the same.

Maria: It’s important to consider that every little bit helps, and raising awareness can make a big difference.

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5 Expressing and Justifying Your Own Point of View: висловлювати й аргументувати власну точку зору

Part 5: Наука і технічний прогрес в Україні

1. I believe that [statement] because...
Phonetic: /aɪ bɪˈliːv ðæt [ˈsteɪtmənt] bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Я вважаю, що [заява], тому що...

2. My perspective is that [statement], as I see it because...
Phonetic: /maɪ pəˈspɛktɪv ɪz ðæt [ˈsteɪtmənt], æz aɪ siː ɪt bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "Моя точка зору полягає в тому, що [заява], на мою думку, тому що...

3. I am convinced that [statement] due to...
Phonetic: /aɪ æm kənˈvɪnst ðæt [ˈsteɪtmənt] djuː tuː/
Ukrainian: "Я переконаний, що [заява] через...

4. From my point of view, [statement] because...
Phonetic: /frəm maɪ pɔɪnt əv vjuː, [ˈsteɪtmənt] bɪˈkəz/
Ukrainian: "З мого погляду, [заява], тому що...

5. In my opinion, [statement] since...
Phonetic: /ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən, [ˈsteɪtmənt] sɪns/
Ukrainian: "На мою думку, [заява], оскільки...

Mini-dialog 5: The Importance of New Technologies for Ukraine

Alex: Hi, Maria. Have you heard about the latest technological advancements in Ukraine?

Maria: Yes, I have. I believe that new technologies are crucial for both Ukrainian businesses and the army because they provide a competitive edge.

Alex: My perspective is that integrating advanced technologies can significantly boost the economy, as I see it because it helps businesses become more efficient and innovative.

Maria: I am convinced that the army needs cutting-edge technology due to the ongoing conflict. For example, military drones are essential for surveillance and combat operations.

Alex: From my point of view, having missiles with a range of 500 km is vital because they can strike targets at a long distance, enhancing our defense capabilities.

Maria: In my opinion, acquiring F-16 aircraft with the latest armory is crucial since they provide superior air support and can carry advanced weaponry.

Alex: It’s important to consider that these technologies not only strengthen the military but also drive economic growth and resilience.

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Part 6: Природа і погода в Україні

1. I'd like to hear your thoughts on this issue.
Phonetic: /aɪd laɪk tuː hɪər jɔː θɔːts ɒn ðɪs ˈɪʃuː/
Ukrainian: "Я б хотів почути твою думку з цього питання.

2. What do you think about [topic]?
Phonetic: /wɒt dʊ jʊ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt [ˈtɒpɪk]/
Ukrainian: "Що ти думаєш про [тему]?

3. How do you feel regarding [subject]?
Phonetic: /haʊ dʊ jʊ fiːl rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt]/
Ukrainian: "Як ти почуваєшся щодо [предмета]?

4. Can you share your perspective on [issue]?
Phonetic: /kæn jʊ ʃeə jɔː pəˈspɛktɪv ɒn [ˈɪʃuː]/
Ukrainian: "Чи можеш поділитися своєю точкою зору з [питання]?"

5. I'd be interested to know your opinion on [topic].
Phonetic: /aɪd bi ˈɪntrəstɪd tuː nəʊ jɔː əˈpɪnjən ɒn [ˈtɒpɪk]/
Ukrainian: "Мене б зацікавила твоя думка про [тему].

6 Engaging in Discussion by Attracting the Interlocutor's Attention: вступати в дискусію, привертаючи увагу співрозмовника

Mini-dialog 6: Discussing Climate Changes and Weather in Kyiv

Alex: Hi, Maria. Have you noticed any changes in the weather patterns in Kyiv recently?

Maria: Yes, I have. I’d like to hear your thoughts on this issue.

Alex: I believe that climate change is affecting Kyiv’s weather because we’ve been experiencing more extreme temperatures and unusual weather patterns. What do you think about this?

Maria: My perspective is that the summers are getting hotter and the winters are becoming more unpredictable, as I see it because of the global climate crisis. How do you feel regarding these changes?

Alex: I am convinced that we need to take action to mitigate these effects due to the increasing frequency of heatwaves and heavy rainfall. Can you share your perspective on this?

Maria: From my point of view, it’s important to raise awareness and implement sustainable practices because it can help reduce the impact of climate change. I’d be interested to know your opinion on what measures we should take.

Alex: In my opinion, we should focus on reducing emissions and promoting green energy since these steps can significantly help in combating climate change.

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Part 7: Спорт і Дозвілля в Україні

1. Could you elaborate on that point?
Phonetic: /kʊd jʊ ɪˈlæbəreɪt ɒn ðæt pɔɪnt/
Ukrainian: "Чи можеш розширити цю точку зору?

2. Let me clarify what I meant by...
Phonetic: /lɛt mi ˈklærɪfaɪ wɒt aɪ mɛnt baɪ/
Ukrainian: "Дозволь мені уточнити, що я мав на увазі під...

3. I’d like to correct a point you made earlier.
Phonetic: /aɪd laɪk tuː kəˈrɛkt ə pɔɪnt jʊ meɪd ˈɜːrlɪər/
Ukrainian: "Я б хотів виправити пункт, який ти згадував раніше.

4. On a different note, have you considered...?
Phonetic: /ɒn ə ˈdɪfrənt nəʊt, hæv jʊ kənˈsɪdəd/
Ukrainian: "На іншу тему, чи розглядав ти...?

5. To shift gears, let’s talk about...
Phonetic: /tuː ʃɪft ɡɪəz, lɛts tɔːk əˈbaʊt/
Ukrainian: "Щоб змінити тему, давайте поговоримо про...

Mini-dialog 7: Discussing the Olympic Games in Paris

Alex: Hi, Maria. Are you excited about the results of the Olympic Games in Paris?

Maria: Yes, I am! I’d like to hear your thoughts on this issue.

Alex: I believe that the Paris Olympics were a spectacular event because it was a chance to see the world’s best athletes compete. Could you elaborate on that point?

Maria: My perspective is that the Olympics bring people together and promote unity, as I see it because they showcase diverse cultures and talents. Let me clarify what I meant by that: the games are not just about sports but also about cultural exchange.

Alex: I understand. I’d like to correct a point you made earlier. You mentioned only the cultural aspect, but I think the economic impact is also significant.

Maria: On a different note, have you considered the new sports that were introduced this year?

Alex: Yes, I have. To shift gears, let’s talk about the inclusion of sports like breaking and sport climbing. It’s exciting to see these new additions.

Maria: That’s a great point. In my opinion, these new sports attracted a younger audience since they are more relatable to today’s youth. Also, I’m proud of Ukrainian athletes like Olga Kharlan in fencing, Yaroslava Mahuchikh in high jump, and Oleksandr Khyzhniak in boxing, who won gold medals. Overall, Ukrainian sportsmen managed to win 12 medals: 3 gold, 5 silver, and 4 bronze.

Alex: Absolutely! It’s inspiring to see Ukrainian sportsmen and women excel on such a big stage. Their achievements bring pride to the nation.

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Part 8: Мистецтво в Україні.

1. I hope that we can...
Phonetic: /aɪ həʊp ðæt wi kæn/
Ukrainian: "Я сподіваюся, що ми можемо...

2. I wish for [outcome] to happen.
Phonetic: /aɪ wɪʃ fə [ˈaʊtkʌm] tuː ˈhæpən/
Ukrainian: "Я бажаю, щоб [результат] стався.

3. It would be great if we could...
Phonetic: /ɪt wʊd bi ɡreɪt ɪf wi kʊd/
Ukrainian: "Було б чудово, якби ми могли...

4. I would like to see [outcome] achieved.
Phonetic: /aɪ wʊd laɪk tuː siː [ˈaʊtkʌm] əˈtʃiːvd/
Ukrainian: "Я хотів би бачити досягнення [результат].

5. My hope is that [wish].
Phonetic: /maɪ həʊp ɪz ðæt [wɪʃ]/
Ukrainian: "Моє сподівання полягає в тому, що [бажання].

8 Expressing Wishes: висловлювати побажання

Mini-dialog 8: Discussing the “Ukraine. War and Resistance & War Artists Union Exhibit."

Alex: Hi, Maria. Have you visited the “Ukraine. War and Resistance & War Artists Union Exhibit” at America House Kyiv?

Maria: Yes, it’s powerful. I hope that we can promote Ukrainian art more widely.

Alex: I agree. I wish for more international recognition of our artists to happen. Could you elaborate on that?

Maria: Exhibitions like this highlight the resilience of Ukrainian culture and the fortitude of our people.

Alex: It would be great if we could have more international collaborations. The emotional impact is also significant.

Maria: Have you considered the impact on the local community?

Alex: Yes. The current exhibition marks the second year of the invasion and features contemporary artists reflecting on the war.

Maria: I would like to see Ukrainian art achieve global acclaim.

Alex: My hope is that more people will visit and support our artists. It’s inspiring.

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9 Demonstrating Interest in the Subject of Conversation: демонструвати зацікавленість у предметі розмови

Part 9: Україна та Країни Виучуваної Мови

1. That’s really intriguing; could you tell me more?
Phonetic: /ðæts ˈrɪəli ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ; kʊd jʊ tɛl mi mɔːr/
Ukrainian: Це справді цікаво; можеш розповісти більше?

2. I’m fascinated by this topic; how did you get involved?
Phonetic: /aɪm ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd baɪ ðɪs ˈtɒpɪk; haʊ dɪd jʊ ɡɛt ɪnˈvɒlvd/
Ukrainian: "Мене захоплює ця тема; як ти до цього долучився?

3. That sounds very interesting; what can you tell me about it?
Phonetic: /ðæt saʊnds ˈvɛri ˈɪntrəstɪŋ; wɒt kæn jʊ tɛl mi əˈbaʊt ɪt/
Ukrainian: Це звучить дуже цікаво; що ти можеш мені про це розповісти?

4. I’m eager to learn more about [subject]; what’s your take?
Phonetic: /aɪm ˈiːɡər tuː lɜːrn mɔːr əˈbaʊt [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt]; wɒts jɔː teɪk/
Ukrainian: "Я дуже хочу дізнатися більше про [тему]; яка твоя думка?

5. Can you expand on what you just said? It’s quite intriguing.
Phonetic: /kæn jʊ ɪkˈspænd ɒn wɒt jʊ dʒʌst səd? ɪts kwaɪt ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ/
Ukrainian: Чи можеш розширити те, що ти щойно сказав? Це досить цікаво.

Mini-dialog 9: Cultural Contrasts: Englishness vs. Ukrainian Identity

Student A: I’ve been reading about Kate Fox’s conclusions on Englishness, and it’s fascinating how different it is from our Ukrainian culture.

Student B: That’s really intriguing; could you tell me more?

Student A: Fox mentions that even if you speak English fluently, you might never feel completely at home in conversations with the English. Their sense of humor and rules about not being too serious make it challenging for outsiders to fit in.

Student B: I’m fascinated by this topic; how did you get involved?

Student A: I got interested after noticing how differently we, as Ukrainians, approach conversations. We tend to value sincerity and earnestness, especially in serious matters, while the English avoid being too earnest.

Student B: That sounds very interesting; what can you tell me about it?

Student A: Well, Fox describes how the English dislike pompous behavior and prefer self-deprecating humor. They often laugh at themselves, which contrasts with our cultural preference for solemnity and respect, especially when discussing important topics.

Student B: I’m eager to learn more about this comparison; what’s your take?

Student A: I think it’s a reflection of how each culture views communication. In Ukraine, being earnest shows respect and seriousness, while in England, it’s seen as a bit overbearing. It’s a subtle but significant difference in how we relate to each other.

Student B: Can you expand on what you just said? It’s quite intriguing.

Student A: Sure! In Ukraine, we might interpret self-deprecating humor as a lack of confidence, while the English see it as a sign of humility and charm. It’s a unique cultural contrast that shows how deeply embedded these values are in our communication styles.

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Part 10: Наука і Технічний Прогрес в Україні

1. To summarize, we’ve discussed [main points].
Phonetic: /tuː ˈsʌməraɪz, wiːv dɪsˈkʌst [meɪn pɔɪnts]/
Ukrainian: Підсумовуючи, ми обговорили [основні пункти].

2. In conclusion, we can say that [summary].
Phonetic: /ɪn kənˈkluːʒən, wi kæn seɪ ðæt [ˈsʌməri]/
Ukrainian: У висновку можна сказати, що [підсумок].

3. To wrap up, we’ve covered [key aspects].
Phonetic: /tuː ræp ʌp, wiːv ˈkʌvəd [kiː ˈæspekts]/
Ukrainian: Підсумовуючи, ми охопили [ключові аспекти].

4. So, to put it briefly, [summary].
Phonetic: /səʊ, tuː pʊt ɪt ˈbrɪfli, [ˈsʌməri]/
Ukrainian: "Отже, щоб коротко підсумувати, [підсумок].

5. "In summary, [summary].
Phonetic: /ɪn ˈsʌməri, [ˈsʌməri]/
Ukrainian: "Підсумовуючи, [підсумок].

10 Summarizing the Discussion: підводити підсумки обговорення

Mini-dialog 10: Ukraine’s Path to Stability and Growth

Anna: Today, we talked about the current deficiency in Ukraine’s electricity generation due to the war and destroyed heat power stations.

Bohdan: Ukrainians have to summarize the European experience and come up with new approaches.

Anna: I came to the conclusion that Ukraine plays a crucial role in Europe’s energy supply.

Bohdan: Europe has to wrap up key aspects of Ukraine’s economy and its potential for growth.

Anna: That sounds very interesting; what can you tell me about it?

Bohdan: Well, Ukraine’s natural resources are vital for its economy and for Europe. However, presently, because of the war and destroyed heat power stations, Ukraine has a deficiency of electricity.

Anna: Intriguing is how to end the war first and restore stability.

Bohdan: Sure. Ukraine’s entry into the EU would further enhance its economic and political stability. The hoped-for trade with the EU is seen as a major boost for the country’s future. Ukrainians have to summarize the European experience and come up with new approaches to integrate effectively.

Anna: I’m eager to learn more about Ukraine’s prospects; what’s your take?

Bohdan: In summary, Ukraine’s resources and strategic location make it a key player in the region. Despite current challenges, the future looks promising with potential EU membership and the liberation of Ukrainian territories.

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11 Ending the Conversation: завершувати розмову

Part 11: Шкільне життя в Україні

1. It was great talking with you; I hope we can continue this discussion soon.
Phonetic: /ɪt wəz ɡreɪt ˈtɔːkɪŋ wɪð jʊ; aɪ həʊp wi kæn kənˈtɪnjuː ðɪs dɪsˈkʌʃən suːn/
Ukrainian: Було приємно поговорити з тобою; сподіваюся, що ми скоро продовжимо цю дискусію.

2. Thank you for the conversation; let’s catch up again soon.
Phonetic: /θæŋk jʊ fə ðə ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən; lɛts kæʧ ʌp əˈɡɛn suːn/
Ukrainian: Дякую за розмову; давай знову зустрінемося скоро.

3. I’ve enjoyed our chat; let’s talk again sometime.
Phonetic: /aɪv ɪnˈdʒɔɪd aʊər ʧæt; lɛts tɔːk əˈɡɛn ˈsʌmtaɪm/
Ukrainian: Мені сподобалась наша бесіда; поговоримо знову колись.

4. It’s been a pleasure talking to you; I look forward to our next conversation.
Phonetic: /ɪts bɪn ə ˈplɛʒər ˈtɔːkɪŋ tuː jʊ; aɪ lʊk ˈfɔːrwəd tuː aʊər nɛkst ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən/
Ukrainian: Було приємно поговорити з тобою; я з нетерпінням чекаю нашої наступної розмови.

5. I think we’ve covered everything for now; talk to you later.
Phonetic: /aɪ θɪŋk wiːv ˈkʌvəd ˈɛvrɪθɪŋ fə naʊ; tɔːk tuː jʊ ˈleɪtə/
Ukrainian: Я думаю, ми охопили все на даний момент; поговоримо пізніше.

Mini-dialog 10: Comparing Education Systems: UK, USA, and Ukraine

Student A: I’ve been reading the book Schools in Great Britain, the USA, and Ukraine, and it’s interesting to see how different the education systems are in these countries.

Student B: That sounds fascinating! What are some of the key differences?

Student A: Well, in the UK, schools are very focused on tradition, with a clear distinction between private and public schools. In the US, the system is more diverse, with a lot of emphasis on extracurricular activities. Ukraine, on the other hand, has a strong focus on academic subjects, with less flexibility in the curriculum.

Student B: That’s really insightful. How do these differences impact students?

Student A: In the UK, students often grow up with a strong sense of discipline and tradition. In the US, students might develop a more well-rounded skill set because of the variety of activities available. Ukrainian students usually have a solid academic foundation, but they might miss out on some of the creative aspects of education.

Student B: It’s been a pleasure talking to you; I look forward to our next conversation.

Student A: Thank you for the conversation; let’s catch up again soon.

Student B: I’ve enjoyed our chat; let’s talk again sometime.

Student A: I think we’ve covered everything for now; talk to you later.

Student B: It was great talking with you; I hope we can continue this discussion soon.

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Understanding Key Aspects of Ukraine's Legal and Social Framework

Read each passage carefully. Then, answer the multiple-choice questions based on the information provided in the texts. Choose the correct answer and review the explanations to understand the key concepts better.

Understanding the key aspects of Ukraine's legal and social framework is crucial for navigating its evolving landscape. The nation's legal system, rooted in civil law, serves as the backbone for governance and societal order. Grasping the social dynamics within this context further enhances one's ability to engage effectively with the country and its people.

1. International Orgnizations

1. International Organizations: міжнародні організації (ЄС, ООН, Рада Європи)

Ukraine plays an active role in several international organizations, such as the European Union (EU), the United Nations (UN), and the Council of Europe. By participating in these organizations, Ukraine aims to strengthen its international ties and contribute to global security and development. Ukraine works closely with the EU to align its policies with European standards. Within the UN, Ukraine takes part in peacekeeping missions and supports human rights initiatives. The Council of Europe, in turn, helps Ukraine uphold democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. Engaging with these organizations allows Ukraine to maintain its presence on the global stage and to cooperate on matters of international importance.

What is one of the main reasons Ukraine participates in international organizations like the EU, UN, and Council of Europe?
a) To increase its military power
b) To strengthen its international ties and contribute to global security
c) To create new laws for other countries
d) To avoid diplomatic relations with neighboring countries

Correct Answer: b) To strengthen its international ties and contribute to global security

Explanation: Ukraine's involvement in international organizations helps it build stronger connections with other countries and play a role in maintaining global peace and security.

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Translate the Phrases into Ukrainian III-1-1_1

Ukraine plays an active role
By participating in these organizations
Ukraine works closely with the EU
Within the UN
The Council of Europe, in turn
Engaging with these organizations

Check your Understanding

Україна відіграє активну роль
Беручи участь у цих організаціях
Україна тісно співпрацює з ЄС
У межах ООН
Рада Європи, своєю чергою
Співпрацюючи з цими організаціями

What role does Ukraine play in international organizations?

Ukraine plays an active role in several international organizations, such as the EU, the UN, and the Council of Europe.

How does Ukraine aim to benefit from its participation in international organizations?

By participating in these organizations, Ukraine aims to strengthen its international ties and contribute to global security and development.

What is Ukraine's collaboration with the EU focused on?

Ukraine works closely with the EU to align its policies with European standards.

What role does Ukraine have within the UN?

Within the UN, Ukraine takes part in peacekeeping missions and supports human rights initiatives.

How does the Council of Europe support Ukraine?

The Council of Europe, in turn, helps Ukraine uphold democracy, human rights, and the rule of law.

What does engaging with international organizations allow Ukraine to do?

Engaging with these organizations allows Ukraine to maintain its presence on the global stage and to cooperate on matters of international importance.

2. Legislative Acts

2. Legislative Acts: законодавчі акти

In Ukraine, legislative acts are essential for regulating the legal framework of the country. The Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament, is responsible for creating and passing laws. These legislative acts cover various aspects of society, including education, healthcare, and the economy. For instance, recent acts have been focused on reforming the judicial system to ensure it aligns with European standards. Legislative acts are often debated thoroughly in parliament before being enacted, ensuring that they meet the needs of the population. By adhering to these acts, citizens and organizations contribute to the orderly functioning of the state.

What is the primary role of the Verkhovna Rada in Ukraine?
a) To negotiate international treaties
b) To create and pass legislative acts
c) To enforce the law
d) To organize charitable activities

Correct Answer: b) To create and pass legislative acts

Explanation: The Verkhovna Rada is Ukraine’s parliament, responsible for drafting and approving the laws that govern the country.

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Translate the Phrases into Ukrainian III-1-1_2

Legislative acts are essential
The Verkhovna Rada
These legislative acts cover various aspects
Recent acts have been focused
Legislative acts are often debated thoroughly
By adhering to these acts

Check your Understanding

Законодавчі акти є необхідними
Верховна Рада
Ці законодавчі акти охоплюють різні аспекти
Останні акти були зосереджені
Законодавчі акти часто ретельно обговорюються
Дотримуючись цих актів

What is the role of legislative acts in Ukraine?

Legislative acts are essential for regulating the legal framework of the country.

Who is responsible for creating and passing laws in Ukraine?

The Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament, is responsible for creating and passing laws.

What do legislative acts in Ukraine cover?

These legislative acts cover various aspects of society, including education, healthcare, and the economy.

What recent focus has been given to legislative acts in Ukraine?

Recent acts have been focused on reforming the judicial system to ensure it aligns with European standards.

How are legislative acts reviewed before they are enacted?

Legislative acts are often debated thoroughly in parliament before being enacted.

What is the role of citizens and organizations in relation to legislative acts?

By adhering to these acts, citizens and organizations contribute to the orderly functioning of the state.

3. Law

3. Law: право

The legal system in Ukraine is based on civil law, which means that laws are codified into a comprehensive legal code. Ukrainian law covers a wide range of areas, including criminal, civil, and administrative law. The Constitution of Ukraine is the supreme law of the land, and all other laws must conform to it. Ukrainian courts are responsible for interpreting and applying the law in various cases. Lawyers play a crucial role in ensuring justice is served, whether they are defending individuals or representing the state. The law in Ukraine continues to evolve, especially as the country seeks to integrate more closely with European legal standards.

What is the basis of Ukraine’s legal system?
a) Common law
b) Civil law
c) Religious law
d) International law

Correct Answer: b) Civil law

Explanation: Ukraine’s legal system is based on civil law, which involves a comprehensive legal code that guides how laws are applied. This differs from common law, where legal decisions are based on precedents set by courts. International law, which governs the relationships between countries, holds higher authority over national laws in cases of conflict, ensuring that countries adhere to global agreements and standards.

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Translate the Phrases into Ukrainian III-1-1_3

I’m really excited about...
I find this quite frustrating because...
This topic really interests me because...
I feel a bit uncertain about..
I’m quite pleased with how...
One noticeable difference between [...] and [...]

Check your Understanding

Я дуже захоплений(а) щодо...
Мене це дуже засмучує, тому що...
Ця тема мене дуже цікавить, тому що...
Я почуваюся трохи невпевнено щодо...
Я досить задоволений(а) тим, як...
Помітна різниця між [...] та [...]

What aspect of the Ukrainian legal system excites you the most?

I’m really excited about how Ukrainian law is evolving to align with European legal standards.

What frustrates you about the Ukrainian legal system?

I find this quite frustrating because the process of integrating European legal standards can be slow and complicated.

Why does the topic of law in Ukraine interest you?

This topic really interests me because it reflects the ongoing changes in Ukraine’s society and governance.

Is there anything about the legal system in Ukraine that makes you uncertain?

I feel a bit uncertain about how effectively the courts can interpret and apply new laws in various cases.

How do you feel about Ukraine’s progress in legal reforms?

I’m quite pleased with how Ukraine is working to conform its laws to the Constitution and European standards.

Can you compare the legal systems of Ukraine and other countries?

One noticeable difference between Ukraine and other countries is the emphasis on codified law in Ukraine's civil law system.

4. Etiquette Norms

4. Etiquette Norms: норми етикету

In Ukraine, etiquette norms are important in both social and professional settings. These norms dictate how people should behave in different situations, from greeting others to dining manners. For example, it is customary to greet someone with a firm handshake and maintain eye contact, which shows respect and confidence. When visiting someone's home, it is polite to bring a small gift, such as flowers or chocolates. In a business context, punctuality and proper attire are highly valued. Following etiquette norms helps create a positive impression and fosters mutual respect among individuals.

Which of the following is considered proper etiquette when visiting someone's home in Ukraine?
a) Arriving late without notice
b) Bringing a small gift like flowers or chocolates
c) Refusing to shake hands
d) Wearing casual clothes

Correct Answer: b) Bringing a small gift like flowers or chocolates

Explanation: It is a common and respectful practice in Ukraine to bring a small gift when visiting someone’s home, as it shows appreciation and thoughtfulness.

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Translate the Phrases into Ukrainian III-1-1_4

One of the most memorable experiences I had:
I find this quite frustrating because:
This topic really interests me because:
One noticeable difference between [...] and [...] is:
I think the best approach would be to:
Let me clarify what I meant by:

Check your Understanding

Один з найзапам'ятніших досвідів, які я мав
Це мене досить розчаровує, тому що…
Ця тема справді мене цікавить, тому що…
Одна помітна різниця між [...] та [...] – це…
Я думаю, що найкращий підхід – це…
Дозвольте уточнити, що я мав на увазі під…

Can you share a memorable experience related to etiquette norms in Ukraine?

One of the most memorable experiences I had was observing strict etiquette norms during a formal Ukrainian dinner.

What do you find frustrating about strict etiquette norms?

I find this quite frustrating because the strict norms can sometimes seem overly formal and impersonal.

Why are etiquette norms in Ukraine interesting to you?

This topic really interests me because etiquette norms can greatly influence social and professional interactions.

What is a noticeable difference in etiquette norms between Ukraine and other countries?

One noticeable difference is the strong emphasis on punctuality and formal attire in professional settings in Ukraine.

What is the best way to learn etiquette norms in Ukraine?

I think the best approach would be to observe and practice these norms in various social and professional settings.

Can you clarify proper etiquette when visiting someone’s home?

Let me clarify: proper etiquette involves bringing a small gift like flowers or chocolates when visiting someone's home.

5. Charitable Activities

5. Charitable Activities: благодійна діяльність

During the war, charitable activities have become even more vital in Ukraine, reflecting the nation's resilience and solidarity. Many Ukrainians actively participate in or support charitable organizations that provide essential aid to those affected by the conflict, including displaced families, wounded soldiers, and communities under attack. These activities often involve organizing fundraisers, volunteering, and collecting donations of food, medical supplies, and clothing. The war has also led to the emergence of new grassroots initiatives, where people come together to support one another in times of crisis. By engaging in these charitable activities, Ukrainians demonstrate their unwavering commitment to helping each other and standing united in the face of adversity.

How have charitable activities in Ukraine changed during the war?
a) They have decreased due to lack of resources
b) They have become less organized
c) They have become more vital and focused on supporting those affected by the conflict
d) They have shifted focus to environmental issues

Correct Answer: c) They have become more vital and focused on supporting those affected by the conflict

Explanation: In response to the war, Ukrainians have intensified their charitable efforts, providing crucial support to those directly impacted by the conflict.

Translate the Phrases into Ukrainian

One of the most memorable experiences I had was...
I think the best approach would be to...
From my point of view,
It’s important to consider that...
My perspective is that [...], as I see it because...
Could you elaborate on that point?

Check your Understanding

Одним із найзапам’ятовуваніших досвідів, який я мав(ла), був
Я думаю, що найкращий підхід буде...
З мого погляду, ...
Важливо врахувати, що...
Моя точка зору полягає в тому, що [...], на мою думку, тому що...
Чи можеш розширити цю точку зору?

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Can you share a memorable experience related to charitable activities in Ukraine?

One of the most memorable experiences I had was organizing a fundraiser for wounded soldiers.

What do you think about the role of charitable activities during the war in Ukraine?

I think the best approach would be to support as many initiatives as possible to aid those in need.

How do you feel about the impact of grassroots initiatives in Ukraine?

From my point of view, grassroots initiatives are crucial as they directly support affected communities.

Can you explain why organizing fundraisers is essential during the conflict?

It’s important to consider that fundraisers provide necessary resources and support to those in crisis.

What’s your perspective on the community's response to charitable activities?

My perspective is that the community's response has been incredibly supportive and unified.

Can you tell me more about how volunteering contributes to charitable efforts? Could you elaborate on that point?

Volunteering is vital for mobilizing resources and providing hands-on support.

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